In 2005 Falini et al. discovered NPM1-mutated AML reporting that in 35.2% of 591 bone marrow specimens of patients with de novo AML, NPM1 was located in the cytoplasm as a result of a mutation in the cytoplasmic portion of the protein (NPM1c) (132). The gene discussed is NPM1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.