For example, Ogino et al. (Ogino et al., 2009) investigated the methylation status of 649 COAD patients in two independent cohort studies, and quantified DNA methylation in the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)-specific promoters of eight genes (CACNA1G, CDKN2A, CRABP1, IGF2, MLH1, NEUROG1, RUNX3, and SOCS1). Here, CRABP1 is linked to colon adenocarcinoma.