Although in the majority of the cases, the genetic etiology of Idiopathic T-CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL) has not been investigated, preliminary molecular genetic studies in 20 patients suggest that, at least in some patients, there are mutations in several genes other than CD4 (i.e., RAG1, DOCK8, MAGT1), with pleotropic effects not restricted to CD4+ T-cells (17–19). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia.