IL10 and immunodeficiency disease: Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota was also present in other immunodeficiencies such as those involving interleukin-10, -17, or -23 (Cua and Tato, 2010; Godinez et al., 2011; Nagalingam et al., 2013; Schurich et al., 2017), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLR) (Frank et al., 2011; Rehman et al., 2011; Arai et al., 2015; Hu et al., 2018), or toll-like receptors (Carvalho et al., 2012; Ubeda et al., 2012), and the susceptibility to colitis observed in the corresponding immunodeficient mice showed a clear dependence upon the composition of the microbiome.