INSL3 and hypospadias: A cohort with 243 control subjects, 227 cryptorchids (both bilateral and unilateral ones), and 73 hypospadias patients in Danish showed that amniotic fluid INSL3 levels during the critical time window in human pregnancy were related to cryptorchidism and hypospadias and were negatively affected by phthalates (Suzuki, 1980).