The variants of the MC1R gene are associated not only with the dysregulated production of melanin and reduced tanning ability, but also with the modulation of immune inflammatory responses important in immunologic surveillance and destruction of keratinocytes transformed by solar radiation.49, 64, 66 Hence, genetic polymorphisms of other coding genes involved in the biosynthesis of melanin (TYR and TYRP1), besides determining skin pigmentation, are indeed factors contributing to the risk of developing skin cancer.49 This evidence concerns the gene TYR and skin cancer.