In addition, Cox-2 expression determined by WB analysis increased with the progression of bladder carcinogenesis determined by histological analysis (Fig. 5b) in a BBN-induced bladder inflammation only (n = 2), bladders with inflammation and CIS/Hyperplasia lesions (n = 9), and bladders with carcinoma lesions with inflammation and CIS/Hyperplasia lesions (n = 8) as compared to normal bladders (n = 3). The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is in situ carcinoma.