In this line of thinking, it would also be interesting to evaluate Kisspeptin serum concentrations in clinical conditions that favor the development of PDAC such as chronic pancreatitis or even PDAC precursor lesions such as IPMN and PanIN lesions to further narrow down the specificity of elevated Kisspeptin levels in PDAC patients. This evidence concerns the gene KISS1 and pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm.