GDF15 and myocardial infarction: The results showed that serum levels of GDF-15 in the AMI group were significantly higher than the non-AMI group and that increases in GDF-15 levels can used as an independent predictor for AMI, even after adjustments for age, sex, smoking status, Syntax scores, and LVEF, which further indicated that GDF-15 may function as a monitoring index of myocardial infarction in certain application prospects.