The development of hs-cTn assays, in addition to increasing analytical sensitivity, has shown that men present significantly higher concentrations than women for both hs-cTnT and hs-cTnI, highlighting that the upper reference limit for the diagnosis of MI could be two-fold in men compared to women, regardless of the assay being used [29, 44, 61–63]. The gene discussed is TNNI3; the disease is myocardial infarction.