IFNB1 and viral infectious disease: In addition, MIA causes upregulation of interferon beta (IFNβ) and interferon alpha (IFNα), members of the Type-I interferon (IFN-I) family [9, 15, 16], the first line of defense against viral infections in mammals [17, 18]; yet, their possible contribution to the etiology of the offspring’s disorders is still unclear.