About half of these genes have been extensively studied in HCC and appeared in more than 5 directly related studies, including: AFP on the top with 824 publications, followed by EPCAM, GPC3, CYP2E1, FOS, BCL2, IGF2, CXCL12, AKR1B10, PDCD4, TAT, RAF1, IGFBP3 and TOP2A, while seven genes has not been reported in HCC by the time of literature searching, including: AGXT, FCN3, FDPS, MFSD2A, RGS5, SAA1 and SAA4. The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.