In Caucasian populations, the factor V Leiden mutation is primarily involved in the etiology of congenital APC resistance.[16] In Japan, the PS Tokushima mutation is primarily involved.[17] Patients with hetero-type congenital PS deficiency primarily develop DVT after adolescence.[18] Moreover, in those aged ≤55 years, the risk of arterial thrombosis increases 5.7-fold.[19] In Caucasian populations, the factor V Leiden mutation was frequently detected in 55-year-old or younger patients diagnosed with MINCA.[20]. Here, F5 is linked to deep vein thrombosis.