CCL2 and Obesity: This is supported by an observed 2–3 fold increase of circulating proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines like IL-6 and MCP-1 after a single oral gavage of ATI to normal mice or to mice with experimental inflammatory bowel disease25 Alternatively, the myeloid cells, after sensing the ATI, may migrate further towards the end-organ, here the liver (and adipose tissue), where they would directly promote metabolic inflammation, keeping in view the postulated nexus of inflammation mediated obesity and insulin resistance.