According to previous mouse studies, F. prausnitzii [8], Bacteroides fragilis [9], and Clostridia species [10] attenuate intestinal inflammation via various mechanisms, including induction of IL-10 and regulatory T cells in the colon, whereas Escherichia coli [11] and Enterococcus faecalis [11, 12] promote colitis in mouse models. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is colitis.