In contrast, a study from the early 2000s examining the relationship between airway inflammation and serological response to Cpn in acute severe asthma in adult patients aged 16–74 years, with the majority having at least moderatly persistent asthma, found that >30% of adults presenting with acute severe asthma showed a rise in Cpn-specific antibodies consistent with acute infection, reinfection or reactivation of latent infection with Cpn [53]. The gene discussed is CPN1; the disease is asthma.