The core of these amyloids is made of unbranched polymeric fibrils of characteristic protein or peptides, typical for each disease, such as Aβ peptides for AlzD, α-synuclein for PD, amylin (hIAPP) for T2DM, and transthyretin (TTR) for familial amyloid cardiomyopathy [115,116,117]. The gene discussed is IAPP; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.