As a pro-oxidant, uric acid can decrease the production and bioavailability of nitric oxide, activate NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome, and produce interleukin (IL)-1β, leading to activation of the renin−angiotensin system and endothelial dysfunction [2,9,19]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and endothelial dysfunction.