TGFB1 and Hepatic fibrosis: In conclusion, chymase is a double-edged sword with regard to the development of liver fibrosis; on the one hand, it cleaves/activates pro-fibrotic proteins, such as angiotensin I, MMP-9, TGF-β, and type I pro-collagen, and on the other hand, it can degrade pro-fibrotic IL-33 and HMGB1.