Figure 1 shows the dotplot for plasma leptin concentrations (ln) in men and women. p-values for several adjusted models are also presented. The age adjustment did not change the statistical significance (using the ln-transformation) of the differences between men and women (p1 = 9.3 × 10−89). Additional adjustment for diabetes, smoking, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical activity (p3) slightly reduced the statistical significance of the differences in leptin levels between men and women, but those differences still prevailed (p3 = 1.5 × 10−68). Here, LEP is linked to diabetes mellitus.