Similar cases of the loss of diagnostic markers have been reported elsewhere in perinatally HIV infected children who started early ART.[25,26] Long-term viral suppression can lead to the absence of circulating HIV-1 RNA and disappearance of laboratory markers, but stable reservoirs of latent virus persist in CD4+ T cells[24,25] and reactivation of these cells can lead to resurgence of the infection when ART is withdrawn. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is infection.