As NF-κB has been linked with both proliferation and chemoresistance in cancer cells (Li and Sethi, 2010; Kannaiyan et al., 2011; Manu et al., 2014; Siveen et al., 2014b; Li et al., 2015b; Manu et al., 2018), we further examined whether butein could inhibit constitutive activation of NF-κB in OSCC cells. Here, NFKB1 is linked to cancer.