To investigate the participation of the inflammasome in the severity of the disease, we obtained clinical material from 49 patients from the state of Rondônia, Brazil (Supplementary Table 1), and measured the levels of active caspase-1 (Casp1) and IL-1β in the lesion aspirates from patients with the cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is cutaneous leishmaniasis.