Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines in a variety of tumors, e.g., IL-6 [81], IL-1β [82], TGF-β [83] and CXCL1 [84], have shown positive correlations with radioresistance in cancer cells, whereas blocking the effects of these cytokines/chemokines can enhance sensitivity to RT. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL1 and cancer.