Evaluation of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and gene expression revealed that PSRE and PACN suppress at least three different inflammatory processes: cytokine secretion (IL-8 from gingival fibroblasts and IL-6 from bone marrow-derived macrophages), inflammatory gene expression (IL-1β, iNOS and COX-2) and macrophage conversion to pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype related to the tissue loss in periodontitis. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is periodontitis.