BRAF and melanoma: Several studies have also analyzed a spectrum of somatic mutations in distinct melanoma subtypes and identified the key CM drivers that comprised mutations in BRAF, RAS (mainly NRAS, but mutations in HRAS and KRAS are responsible for <1%), NF1, TP53, CDKN2A, PTEN, IDH1, ARID2, RAC1, RB1, and PPP6C2–7.