NPM1 and acute myeloid leukemia: In 2013, it has been reported that after the genome-wide or whole-exome sequencing analysis of 200 adult patients of de novo AML, 23 genes (including DNMT3A, FLT3, NPM1, IDH1, IDH2, CEBPA, U2AF1, EZH2, SMC1A, SMC3, etc.)with a higher-than-expected mutation prevalence were summarized, and 57 novel fusion genes were identified7.