TNF and gout: We found that levels of IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-13, IL-17, fibroblast growth factor-basic (FGF-basic), interferon gamma (IFNγ), and TNFα were significantly increased in patients with acute gouty arthritis compared to other groups (multiple correction p-values ranging from p < 0.05 to p < 0.001, see Figure 3).