PDCD1 and neoplasm: Dual blockade of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and A2AR significantly enhanced the expression of IFN-γ and granzyme B by tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and, accordingly, increased growth inhibition and the survival of mice in a breast cancer model [140] and increased the efficacy of a dendritic cell-based cancer vaccine by increasing the production of IFN-γ and reducing IL-10 [141].