In contrast to DKD, we named this kind of renal structural damage and functional changes as “IGT kidney disease.” By inhibiting the IRS-1/PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway, high concentration of insulin downregulates the expression of megalin and cubilin, which then causes the reabsorption dysfunction of albumin by renal tubular epithelial cells leading to albuminuria. Here, AKT1 is linked to diabetic kidney disease.