In contrast to DKD, we named this kind of renal structural damage and functional changes as “IGT kidney disease.” By inhibiting the IRS-1/PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway, high concentration of insulin downregulates the expression of megalin and cubilin, which then causes the reabsorption dysfunction of albumin by renal tubular epithelial cells leading to albuminuria. The gene discussed is IRS1; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.