Among these genes, methylation status of multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1), fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1), CDH1 and GDNF gene was elevated, while methylation status of NOTCH3, CDH17, PAD14, TNFSF8, EPHX1, HOXV2, FRK etc. was decreased in inflamed mucosa in comparison with quiescent mucosa, indicating that histologic methylation profiles can serve as valuable surrogates to evaluate the disease activity of IBD. This evidence concerns the gene CDH1 and irritable bowel syndrome.