PFN1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Indeed, ALS-associated mutations have been identified in cytoskeletal components and regulatory elements, such as heavy neurofilament (Al-Chalabi et al., 1999), peripherin (Gros-Louis et al., 2004), NIMA-related kinase 1 (NEK1; Kenna et al., 2016), profilin-1, and kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A; Brenner et al., 2018), amongst others (Puls et al., 2003; Wu et al., 2012; Smith et al., 2014).