Findings showing that HSPA1 is located at the dermo-epidermal junction in the non-lesional skin of LE patients (Villalobos-Hurtado et al. 2003) lead to suggestion that HSPA1 itself can be an autoantigen and/or can participate in transferring SLE-related autoantigens to dermo-epidermal junctions. Here, HSPA1A is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.