Genetic mutations in PTEN along with alterations of PIK3CA, PIK3R1, ARID1A, Wnt/β-catenin, microsatellite instability, SRC, and KRAS have been demonstrated to be critical in the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers [30,31]. The gene discussed is ARID1A; the disease is ovarian carcinoma.