NLRP3 and Alzheimer disease: Deposition of Aβ causes lysosomal damage and ROS production in microglia, which induces inflammasome activation.31, 32, 33, 34 Moreover, it was reported that Aβ oligomers could directly interact with NLRP3 and ASC in infiltrated macrophages and cause inflammasome activation, which exacerbated neuroinflammation.35, 36 Increase of the inflammasome products (eg, IL‐1β) are detected in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain tissue of AD patients.37 On the other hand, activation of inflammasome promotes AD development.