TNF and melanoma: Building on our preclinical findings [4–7], we initiated at Toulouse Oncopole a phase 1b clinical trial (TICIMEL -NCT03293784) in 30 advanced melanoma patients to investigate the concomitant administration of Ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4), Nivolumab (anti-PD-1) and anti-TNF (Infliximab or Certolizumab) (Fig. 1).