In general, reduced NQO1 activity or protein levels are commonly observed under these pathological conditions [1,26], although for the particular case of cancer, overexpression of NQO1 is also associated with cancer progression, which makes pharmacological inhibition of NQO1 (e.g., by dicoumarol or related compounds) a potential therapeutic strategy to treat this disease if it selectively targets cancer cells [27,28,29]. The gene discussed is NQO1; the disease is cancer.