Based on these insightful studies for IFN-based anti-obesity therapies, a cross-species and family-wide screening of the most effective IFN ligands is needed, and may provide more IFN-based options for therapeutic optimization against current obesity prevalence and reveal IFN subtypes that bear superior activity in anti-obesity or metabolic regulation to IFN-β or IFN-γ [46,79,110,111,112]. The gene discussed is IFNB1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.