Interestingly, we could demonstrate that the achievement of EPR after the first induction chemotherapy was correlated with higher plasma thrombopoietin (TPO) level at diagnosis, as well as with upregulation of some specific transcription factors involved in megakaryocyte differentiation such as NFE2. Future research may aim at further clarifying the background of hematologic recovery as this may facilitate the clinical interpretation of the early course of patients with AML during induction chemotherapy. The gene discussed is TPO; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.