RPS6 and Patent ductus arteriosus: We did not observe quantitative decreases in the phosphorylation status of proteins in the PI3K (AKT, mTOR, S6, 4EBP) and MEK (eIF4E) cascades in either murine (Supplementary Fig. 3a, b, d) or human (Supplementary Fig. 3c) PDA cells after 1 h or 5 h of CR-31 treatment.