We did not observe quantitative decreases in the phosphorylation status of proteins in the PI3K (AKT, mTOR, S6, 4EBP) and MEK (eIF4E) cascades in either murine (Supplementary Fig. 3a, b, d) or human (Supplementary Fig. 3c) PDA cells after 1 h or 5 h of CR-31 treatment. The gene discussed is EIF4E; the disease is Patent ductus arteriosus.