The nuclearnon-histone high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein/amphoterin, which is aDAMP, is known to be released relatively late after the infection onset and isinvolved in the development of both gram-negative sepsis and influenzacomplications, interacting with MD-2 and activating TLR4[5, 9, 10]. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is infection.