NF1 and neoplasm: These data need to be further replicated overcoming the present limitations, in order to better characterize cognitive and emotional-behavioral outcome of these children according to the type of tumor (both histology and localization), possibly including measures of environmental variables such as parental stress level and social support and investigating the role of genotypic variability, with the aim to deepen understand how defects in the NF1 gene and associated genes create the diversity of clinical neuropsychiatric symptomatology.