HSPA5 and diabetes mellitus: The GRP78/BiP serum concentrations were higher in patients with obesity, DM, and MS compared with patients without metabolic disturbances (5.67 (3.74–11.62) μg/mL vs. 9.15 (5.74–16.38) μg/mL, p < 0.001; 4.72 (3.63–9.94) μg/mL vs. 8.57 (5.27–16.73) μg/mL, p < 0.001 and 4.15 (2.91–5.76) μg/mL vs. 9.15 (5.85–16.73) μg/mL, p < 0.001, respectively) (Figure 1A,B,C).