A few targeted TNFα compounds are in clinical trials; a TNFα fusion to an NGR‐motif peptide, which targets tumour‐associated aminopeptidase N (NGR‐TNFα, Arenegyr; MolMed), and an antibody‐TNFα conjugate, which targets EDB domain‐containing fibronectin in tumours (L19‐TNF, Fibromun; Philogen), have entered multiple cancer trials (Gregorc et al, 2010; Spitaleri et al, 2013). This evidence concerns the gene ANPEP and cancer.