The genome‐wide and whole genome analyses of MDS/OL cases have revealed the additional gene mutations during progression from MDS to OL such as TP53, GATA2, KRAS, RUNX1, STAG2, ASXL1, ZRSR2 and TET2 mutations (low risk MDS to high risk MDS), and FLT3, PTPN11, WT1, IDH1, NPM1, IDH2 and NRAS mutations (MDS to OL).40, 41. Here, PTPN11 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.