The importance of the receptor tyrosine kinase signaling (EGFR/MEK/ERK/PI3K) in regulation of DDR pathways and mediating radiation or chemo resistance is well-known, and many ongoing clinical trials are investigating the potential of combination therapies involving DDR inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancers [reviewed by (36)]. The gene discussed is NTRK1; the disease is cancer.