Finally, activating mutations of the Tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 (encoded by Ptpn11 gene) in MSCs and osteoprogenitors, already found in Noonan syndrome and associated with an increased risk of leukemic transformation, induce juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia-like myeloproliferative neoplasm in mice (78). The gene discussed is PTPN11; the disease is myeloproliferative neoplasm.