To comprehensively investigate the immunoinhibitory pathways in T cells, we used FACS to analyze the surface expression of eight IRs (PD-1, Tim-3, BTLA, KLRG-1, TIGIT, 2B4, CD160, and CTLA-4) on T cells from peripheral blood and tumors isolated from 131 cancer patients (Supplementary Table 1, Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene BTLA and cancer.