EEF1A1 and infection: Interestingly, several MVs that contain EF-Tu have been reported to increase virulence (Surve et al., 2016), modulate immune responses (Prados-Rosales et al., 2011; Sharpe et al., 2011; Alzahrani et al., 2015), and offer protection to infection via immunization (Vipond et al., 2006; Pierson et al., 2011; Olaya-Abril et al., 2014).