Elevations in IGF-β, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-β, CCL2 and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) were measured in HD patient plasma, CSF and post-mortem brain tissue using ELISA and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR; Björkqvist et al., 2008; Silvestroni et al., 2009; Chang et al., 2015; Politis et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene MMP9 and Huntington disease.